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Asmaa was-Sifaat
  Some Sayings from the Salaf concerning the Falsehood of Ta’weel
Source: Foundations of the Sunnah, Salafi Publications 1997
Article ID : AQD030003  [15181]  
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[1]. Al-Awzaa’ee (d. 157H) said: "I asked az-Zuhree and Makhool abaout the aayaat pertaining to the Sifaat (Attributes of Allaah), so they said: Leave them as they are."

[2]. Al-Waleed ibn Muslim (d. 194H) said: "I asked Maalik, al-Awzaa’ee, Layth ibn Sa’d and Sufyaan ath-Thawree - may Allaah have mercy upon them - concerning the reports related about the Attributes, so they all said: Leave them as they are without asking how?"

[3]. Imaam Ahmad (d. 241H) said: "These ahaadeeth should be left as they are… We affirm them and we do not make any similitude for them. This is what has been agreed upon by the scholars."

[4]. Nu’aym bin Hammaad (d. 228H) said: "Whoever makes tashbeeh (resemblance) of Allaah to his creation has committed kufr (disbelief), and whoever denies what Allaah has described Himself with has also committed kufr. Indeed, all that Allaah has described Himself with, or what His Messenger has described Him with, then there is no tashbeeh in it at all."

[5]. Imaam at-Tirmidhee (d. 279H) said: "It has been stated by more than one person from the People of Knowledge about such ahaadeeth, that there is no tashbeeh (resemblance) to the Attributes of Allaah, and our Lord - the Blessed and Most High - descends to the lowest heaven every night. So they say: "Affirm these narrations, have eemaan (faith) in them, do not deny them, nor ask how." The likes of this has been related from Maalik ibn Anas, Sufyaan ath-Thawree, Ibn Uyainah and Abdullaah ibn al-Mubaarak, who all said about such ahaadeeth: "Leave them as they are, without asking how." Such is the saying of the People of Knowledge from the Ahl us-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah. However, the Jahmiyyah oppose these narrations and say: This is tashbeeh! However, Allaah the Most High, has mentioned in various places in His Book, the Attribute of al-Yad (Hand), as-Sama’ (Hearing), and al-Basr (Seeing) - but the Jahmiyyah make ta’weel of these aayaat, explaining them in a way, other than how they are explained by the People of Knowledge. They say: Indeed, Allaah did not create Aadam with His own Hand - they say that Hand means the Power of Allaah."

[6]. Al-Khattaabee (d. 338H) said: "The madhhab of the Salaf (the Pious Predecessors) with regard to the Sifaat (Attributes of Allaah) is to affirm them as they are alaa dhaahir (with their apparent meaning), negating any tashbeeh (resemblance) to them, nor takyeef (asking how they are)."

[7]. Imaam as-Saaboonee (d. 449H) said: Indeed Ashaabul Hadeeth (the Scholars of Hadeeth), [those who hold fast to the Book and the Sunnah] - may Allaah protect their lives and shower mercy upon those that have died - bear witness to the Tawheed of Allaah and to the Messengership and Prophethood of His Messenger (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam). They know their Lord -the Mighty and Majestic - by the Attributes which He has spoken of in His Revelation, and by what He has sent down, or testified to, by His Messenger (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam). They do not believe in tashbeeh (resemblance) of His Attributes with the attributes of the creation. They say: Indeed, He created Aadam with His own Hands, as He - the Most Perfect - textually stated:

O Iblees! What prevented you from prostrating to one whom I have created with My Own (Two) Hands. [Soorah Sa’d 38:75]

So they do not distort the words from their (proper) context, by carrying the meaning of Yadain (the two Hands of Allaah) to mean ni’matain (two bounties) or quwwatain (two powers) - which is the tahreef (distortion) of the Mu’tazilah and the Jahmiyyah - may Allaah destroy them. They do not ask how these Attributes are, nor do they resemble them to His creation … Allaah, the Most High, protected Ahl us-Sunnah from such tahreef, takyeef and tashbeeh, and favoured them with knowledge and understanding."

[8]. Qaadee Abu Ya’laa (d. 458H) said: "The proof for the futility of ta’weel is that the Sahaabah, and those who followed them from the Taabi’een, understood them (the Attributes) alaa dhaahir (upon their literal meaning), and they did not take recourse to ta’weel, nor did they move away from the dhaahir meaning. If ta’weel were permissible, then they would have preceded us in it…"

[9]. Ibn Abdul Barr (d. 463H) said: "Ahl us-Sunnah are agreed in affirming all the Sifaat (Attributes of Allaah) which are related in the Qur’aan and the Sunnah, having eemaan (faith) in them and understanding them alal-haqeeqah (in a real sense) not alal-majaaz (metaphorically). How they are is not to be asked. However, the Jahmiyyah, the Mu’tazilah, and the Khawaarij all deny them and do not carry them alal-haqeeqah; claiming that whoever affirms them has made tashbeeh (resemblance), and they claim that whoever recites them (as they are) is a mushabbih (a person doing tashbeeh)."


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